hajatpour 71 posts 0 comments

Technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science and medicine. The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for…

A device or system for growing cells or tissues in the context of cell culture. The process of fermentation is performed in a bioreactor to grow large volumes of cells for producing specific proteins.

A substance used as an indicator of a biologic state. It is a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biologic processes, pathogenic processes or pharmacologic response to a specific therapy. Biomarker identification and measurement are regarded as key developments for the…

The application of information technology to the field of molecular biology. Bioinformatics entails the creation and advancement of databases, algorithms, computational and statistical techniques, and theory to solve formal and practical problems arising from the management and analysis of biological data.

A mechanism that inhibits gene expression at the stage of translation (see translation) or by hindering the transcription (see transcription) of specific genes. This method has been referred to as posttranscriptional gene silencing and is an important tool for gene-expression research.

A molecule similar to DNA, which helps in the process of decoding the genetic information carried by DNA. RNA is a nucleic acid transcribed from DNA; mRNA is then translated into proteins.